Table 3 Classes of physical phenomenon constraints
Subclasses | Subsubclasses | Definition | Examples | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
PPC | Dynamic change constraint (DYC) | Differential change constraint (DC) | Specifies the behavior of a physical system while it is dynamically changing (with differential expression) | - F = Ma − T |
- Ld 2 q/dt + Rdq/dt + (1/C)q = V s | ||||
Integral change constraint (IC) | Specifies the behavior of a physical system while it is dynamically changing (with integral expression) | - x(t) = x 0 + v 0 t + (1/2)at 2 | ||
- T = 2π√ (m/k) | ||||
- i(t) = CV s αβ(β − α){e βt − e αt} | ||||
Steady state constraint (SSC) | Specifies the behavior of a physical system in a steady state | - ∑F i = 0 | ||
- Q in = Q out | ||||
Discontinuous change constraint (DCC) | Specifies the behavior of a physical system when it changes discontinuously | - (v 1 ' − v 2 ')/(v 1 − v 2) = e | ||
- i = 0 (v D < 0), i ≥ 0(v D = 0) | ||||
Conservative law constraint (CLC) | Specifies the amount of a quantity which is conserved over the time | - (1/2)mv 2 + mgh = const. | ||
- m 1 v 1 + m 2 v 2 = const. | ||||
- A m (water1) = A m (water2) = const. | ||||