Table 2 Descriptive statistics of the experimental treatment groups for the observed variables
Observed variables | Two treatment groups | Online SQG (n = 54) | Online D&P (n = 52) |
|---|---|---|---|
English academic achievement | Pretesta | ||
Mean (SD) | 76.37 (21.13) | 79.09 (20.25) | |
Posttest (instructor-developed) | |||
Mean (SD) | 78.71 (20.66) | 75.81 (22.73) | |
Adjusted Mean | 79.94 | 74.53 | |
Posttest (school-wide) | |||
Mean (SD) | 82.61 (21.29) | 73.19 (27.26) | |
Adjusted Mean | 84.63 | 71.86 | |
English learning motivation | Pretestb | ||
Mean (SD) | 123.15 (20.77) | 111.06 (21.83) | |
Posttest | |||
Mean (SD) | 126.29 (19.18) | 110.00 (21.93) | |
Adjusted Mean | 122.13 | 114.02 |