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Table 7 Comparison of pre- and post-test results based on self-efficacy for English

From: GPS sensor-based mobile learning for English: an exploratory study on self-efficacy, self-regulation and student achievement

 

M (SD)

t

Pre-test

3.88 (0.81)

1.25

Post-test

4.03 (0.83)

 

Total N

41

Â