Skip to main content

Table 8 Comparison of pre- and post-test results based on self-efficacy for mobile devices

From: GPS sensor-based mobile learning for English: an exploratory study on self-efficacy, self-regulation and student achievement

 

M (SD)

t

Pre-test

5.57 (0.66)

−0.12

Post-test

5.56 (0.62)

 

Total N

41

Â