Table 6 Operational challenges in K-12 flipped classrooms
| Â | Category | Challenges | Supported citations |
|---|---|---|---|
1. | Students’ IT resources | Student might not have Internet access to view the videos at home. | Chen 2016; Clark 2015; Kettle 2013; Snyder et al. 2014; Wang 2016 |
2. | Monitoring students outside class | It was difficult to ensure that students had truly watched the video. | Chao et al. 2015 |
3. | Teachers’ IT skills | Teacher might not be able to upload the videos online. | Chen 2016 |
4. | Institutional supports | Flipped classroom approach relied on the extent of the investment by schools in computer resources. | Huang and Hong 2016 |