Table 5 The Wilcoxon signed-rank test results
From: MIC-O-MAP: a technology-enhanced learning environment for developing micro-macro thinking skills
Criteria | Pre-test mean, N = 46 | Post-test mean, N = 46 | Wilcoxon signed-rank test results |
|---|---|---|---|
Describe observations without explanations | M = 1.27, SD = 0.962 | M = 1.84, SD = 0.851 | Z = − 3.953, p = 0.000 |
Devise an explanation for an observed pattern | M = 1.48, SD = 1.12 | M = 2.13, SD = 0.694 | Z = − 3.018, p = 0.003 |
Make prediction based on explanation | M = 1.75, SD = 0.829 | M = 2.53, SD = 0.694 | Z = − 4.284, p = 0.000 |
Decide whether the prediction and the experimental outcome agree | M = 2.42, SD = 1.177 | M = 3.0, SD = 0.000 | Z = − 2.887, p = 0.004 |