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Table 2 Result of pair sample t test on pre- and post-test scores of the students involved in second cycle intervention (n = 31)

From: Improving the design of a mCSCL Chinese character forming game with a distributed scaffolding design framework

 

Pre-test

Post-test

Mean

10.48387

13.90323

Variance

16.1914

29.49032

Observations

31

31

Pearson correlation

0.612393

 

Hypothesized mean difference

0

 

df

30

 

t Stat

− 4.37708

 

P(T ≤ t) one-tail

6.71E−05

 

t Critical one-tail

1.697261

 

P(T ≤ t) two-tail

0.000134

 

t Critical two-tail

2.042272

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