Table 1 Example of decision-making exercise using MLFAF
From: Using design-based research to develop a Mobile Learning Framework for Assessment Feedback
Section | Needs assessment | Ask questions | How to achieve that? |
|---|---|---|---|
Aspect | |||
Exploration | A preliminary investigation is required for any mobile learning initiative. | Is there an ICT infrastructure to support the mobile learning activity? What does the policy say? What is the current culture? What type of devices do students own? What do students (and educators) think of the mobile learning activities? Will they be willing to participate? How do I foster the Use My Own Device attitude? | Meeting with institution’s ICT personnel to identify what enabling technology is available. If none, develop one. Check policy document and assessment and feedback practices. Consider surveys and interviews |
Section | Development and implementation | Ask questions | How to achieve that? |
Aspect | |||
Ownership | Foster student ownership of the learning and of the device. | Are my learning activities accessible using any device? Can I enable online and/or offline access? | Produce device-agnostic learning material. Depending on available technology |
Pedagogy | Any activity that would improve student learning. | How do I change the feedback culture? How do I promote the activity? What boundaries shall I set? How will I manage my time? What personal challenges will I face? | Online information and training/seminars Active participation form lecturer is important. Tell students when you will be available on the mobile learning platform. |
ICT infrastructure | Appropriate infrastructure to provide and support mobile learning. | How will technical support be made available? What digital education measures should be put in place? | Produce online training and ‘How to’ pages. Have regular seminars/training. |
Context | Of the activities | Is the mobile learning activity relevant? Does it supplement or replace any current activity? How can I incorporate the activity into the curriculum as part of my regular teaching process? | Ensure it is linked to real student work. Learners are busy and may find mobile learning less attractive if it is not linked to their curriculum. |