Table 1 Psychological questions

1

I like programming.

2

I am good at programming.

3

I feel learning to program is interesting.

4

Programming is necessary for my desired job/advancement examination.

5

Programming is useful for desired job/advancement examination.

6

Programming is necessary for practice in my desired occupation.

7

Programming is useful in my desired occupation.

8

I think that learning to program helps me grow as a person.

9

I think that other people respect those who are proficient at programming.

10

I think that to learn programming can be bragging.

11

Setbacks don’t discourage me.

12

I am diligent.

13

I finish whatever I begin.

14

I am a hard worker.

15

I often set a goal but later choose to pursue a different one.

16

I have difficulty maintaining my focus on projects that take more than a few months to complete.

17

New ideas and projects sometimes distract me from previous ones.

18

I am obsessed with a certain idea or project for a short time but later lose interest.

19

I want to learn to improve my abilities.

20

I want to learn new things and increase my knowledge.

21

I want to learn more so that others do not think poorly of me.

22

I want to learn properly so as not to produce bad results.

23

I learn to earn higher test and evaluation results than those around me.

24

When learning something, I like to earn better grades and higher evaluations than other people.

25

By competing, I can enhance my ability.

26

Competition motivates me.

27

If it is boring, I compete with other people to make it interesting.

28

I do not like to compete.

29

I want to avoid competing if possible.

30

I do not want to lose.

31

I feel strongly that I do not want to lose.