Table 7 Spearman’s correlations between time per attempt and normalized gains (ns denotes not significant)
| Â | Novices (16) | Advanced (19) |
|---|---|---|
Correlation on time per attempt on identifying error and: | ||
 Time per attempt on output prediction | rs = 0.81, p = .000 | rs = 0.66, p = .002 |
 Normalized gain on all questions | ns | rs = 0.50, p = .031 |
 Normalized gain on output prediction | ns | rs = 0.55, p = .014 |
 Normalized gain on code writing | ns | rs = 0.61, p = .005 |
 Post-test output prediction | ns | rs = 0.48, p = .037 |
Correlation on time per attempt on output prediction and: | ||
 Time per attempt on code fixing | rs = 0.67, p = .004 | ns |
 Normalized gain on output prediction | rs = 0.52, p = .038 | ns |
Correlation on time per attempt on code fixing and: | ||
 Time per attempt on identifying error | rs = 0.70, p = .002 | ns |