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Table 1 The study’s participants

From: Comparing videos and a 3D virtual environment for teaching school-related functional skills and behaviors to students with ADHD or developmental dyslexia, displaying challenging behaviors: a case study

Subjects

Classification/diagnosis*

Notes/behavioral related symptoms

1 and 9

F90.0, Disturbance of activity and attention/ADHD

Severe distraction, lack of functional attentional focus, limited manifestation of expected social behaviors, denial to comply with rules, responds with anger and verbal violence when instructed to follow rules

2 and 10

F90.0, Disturbance of activity and attention/ADHD

Introversion, generalized weakness in social interactions, unable to follow simple rules, indifferent to social conventions, disorganized, verbally violent

3 and 11

F90.0, Disturbance of activity and attention/ADHD

Intensively hyperactive and impulsive, failure to manifest the desired behaviors in their appropriate contexts, often engages in inappropriate behaviors, verbally violent

4 and 12

F81.0, Specific reading disorder/developmental dyslexia

Hardly focuses on lessons, apparent indifference to social conventions, ignorance of acceptable behaviors, constant denial to comply with rules

5 and 13

F81.0, Specific reading disorder/developmental dyslexia

severe concentration difficulties, outbursts of anger and denial, often gets involved in fights with classmates (verbal and physical), denial to comply with rules, often engages in socially unacceptable activities

6 and 14

F81.0, Specific reading disorder/ developmental dyslexia

Introversion, low self-esteem, limited repertoire of attitudes and skills, often bullied but responds with outbursts of anger, physical, and verbal violence

7 and 15

F90.0, Disturbance of activity and attention/ADHD

Severe behavioral issues, trouble following rules, aggressiveness, often gets involved in fights with classmates (verbal and physical), indifference to social conventions

8 and 16

F90.0, Disturbance of activity and attention/ADHD

Impulsiveness, engagement in inappropriate behaviors, lack of functional attentional focus, responds with anger when instructed to follow rules, often violent when playing with classmates

  1. *Classification and diagnosis according to the Greek system for assessing students with special educational needs and to ICD-10 version 2016 (International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 2016). Further details for the number of acceptable/desirable behaviors and functional skills of the participating students are provided in Table 4, first column—baseline phase