Table 1 Summary of the reviewed studies
No. | Article reference | SRL measurement method | Learning environment | Type of data collected | Instrument used to collect data | Analysis method |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Alharbi, Henskens, & Hannaford, 2014 | Self-report questionnaire and learning analytics | Personalized learning object system | Log data and self-report | Learning system logs and questionnaire | ANCOVA |
2 | Arnold & Pistilli, 2012 | Learning analytics | LMS | Log data | Learning system logs | Pearson correlation coefficient and chi-square |
3 | Azevedo et al., 2009 | Learning analytics | MetaTutor | Log data | Learning system logs | Not specified |
4 | Barnard, Lan, To, Paton, & Lai, 2009 | Self-report questionnaire | Not specified | Self-report | OSLQ | Confirmatory factor analysis |
5 | Chaves-Barboza, Trujillo-Torres, Antonio López-Núñez, & Sola-Martínez, 2017 | Self-report questionnaire | PLE | Self-report | Questionnaire | Pearson correlation coefficient and ANOVA |
6 | Chen, 2009 | Self-report questionnaire | PLE | Self-report | Questionnaire | ANOVA and t test |
7 | Cho & Shen, 2013 | Self-report questionnaire | LMS | Self-report | MSLQ | Pearson correlation coefficient and chi-square |
8 | Cho & Cho, 2017 | Self-report questionnaire | Not specified | Self-report | OSRQ | Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) |
9 | Cicchinelli et al., 2018 | Self-report questionnaire and learning analytics | LMS | Self-report and log data | Motivational Beliefs and Self-Regulation Strategies (MBSRS) and learning system logs | Pearson correlation coefficient |
10 | Davis, Chen, Jivet, Hauff, & Houben, 2016 | Learning analytics | MOOC | Log data | Learning system logs | A/B testing |
11 | Dawson et al., 2015 | Learning analytics | MOOC | Log data | Learning system logs | Not specified |
12 | Delen et al., 2014 | Self-report questionnaire and learning analytics | MOOC | Self-report and log data | Self-Regulation Strategy Inventory (SRSI) | Pearson correlation coefficient |
13 | Gaupp, Fabry, & Körner, 2018 | Self-report questionnaire | LMS | Self-report | Questionnaire | Pearson correlation coefficient |
14 | Hashemyolia et al., 2015 | Self-report questionnaire | LMS | Self-report | MSLQ | t tests and standard deviation |
15 | Jansen, van Leeuwen, Janssen, & Kester, 2017 | Self-report questionnaire | MOOC | Self-report | Self-regulated Online Learning Questionnaire (SOL-Q) | Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis |
16 | Kizilcec, Pérez-Sanagustín, & Maldonado, 2016 | Self-report questionnaire | MOOC | Self-report | Questionnaire | Covariate- adjusted OLS regression analyses |
17 | Kizilcec et al., 2017 | Self-report questionnaire | MOOC | Self-report | Questionnaire | Regression coefficient |
18 | Lee & Recker, 2017 | Learning analytics | LMS | Log data | Learning system logs | Means |
19 | Lee, 2008 | Self-report questionnaire | LMS | Self-report | Questionnaire | Convergent validity analysis and correlation of latent variables |
20 | Müller & Seufert, 2018 | Self-report questionnaire | Not specified | Self-report | MSLQ and LIST | Means, ANOVA, and standard deviation |
21 | Nussbaumer, Hillemann, & Albert, 2015 | Self-report questionnaire and learning analytics | LMS | Log data and self-report | Learning system logs and questionnaire | Mean, standard deviation, and median |
22 | Onah & Sinclair, 2017 | Self-report questionnaire | MOOC | Self-report | Modified-OSLQ | Means |
23 | Rodriguez Groba, Vázquez Barreiros, Lama, Gewerc, & Mucientes, 2014 | Learning analytics | LMS | Log data | Learning system logs | Not specified |
24 | Siadaty, 2016 | Learning analytics | MOOC | Log data | Learning system logs | Regression analysis |
25 | Song, Kalet, & Plass, 2011 | Self-report questionnaire | Not specified | Self-report | Self-Regulation Measure for Computer-based learning (SRMC) | Regression analysis |
26 | Winne & Hadwin, 2013 | Learning analytics | Web-based application | Log data | Learning system logs | Not specified |
27 | Yamada et al., 2017 | Self-report questionnaire and learning analytics | Not specified | Log data and self-report | MSLQ | t test, means, and standard deviation |
28 | Yen et al., 2016 | Self-report questionnaire | PLE | Self-report | OLSQ | t test and regression analysis |
29 | Zarouk & Khaldi, 2016 | Learning analytics | LMS | Log data | Learning system logs | Not specified |
30 | Zhao Li Chen, Zhao, & Chen, 2016 | Self-report questionnaire | Web2.0 technology | Self-report | Distance learners’ self-regulated learning ability self-rating scale | ANOVA, t test, and means |