The cross-cultural validation of the technology-enhanced social constructivist learning environment questionnaire in the Iraqi Kurdistan Region

Research and Practice in Technology Enhanced Learning

Table 4 The Composite reliability (CR), the square root of the average variance extracted (AVE) (in bold), and correlations between constructs (off-diagonal)

Latent constructs	CR	AVE	Latent constructs
			CRI	INV	NEG	ELEAR	REL	RES	SHA	UNC
Critical voice (CRI)	0.803	0.577	0.760
Investigation (INV)	0.826	0.544	0.206	0.738
Negotiation (NEG)	0.821	0.535	0.383	0.288	0.731
Perceived e-Learning (ELEAR)	0.882	0.652	0.313	0.305	0.301	0.808
Relevancy (REL)	0.827	0.544	0.442	0.335	0.341	0.354	0.737
Respect for difference (RES)	0.871	0.575	0.343	0.340	0.447	0.370	0.400	0.758
Shared Control (SHA)	0.850	0.590	0.420	0.328	0.366	0.324	0.356	0.291	0.768
Uncertainty (UNC)	0.758	0.514	0.415	0.311	0.333	0.338	0.466	0.418	0.330	0.717

The diagonal part (in bold) is the values of the square root of AVE for every construct